Amongst the largest oil and gas companies are the Oil and Gas Development Corporation Limited and Pakistan Petroleum Limited. Coal currently plays a minor role in the country's energy mix, though the country has an estimated 3,362 million short tons of reserves. Pakistan currently has one nuclear power plant, Chashma-1, which has a capacity to produce 300 megawatts of electricity. A second nuclear power plant, Chashma-2 is to be completed by 2009.
Electric power in Pakistan comes from a variety of sources; thermal, hydro-electricity and nuclear. The two main companies generating electricity in Pakistan are the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) and the Karachi Electricity Supply Corporation (KESC).
WAPDA supplies electric power to all of Pakistan except for Karachi, which is supplied by KESC. More than two-thirds of the electricity generated comes from thermal stations powered by oil, natural gas and coal. In recent years, an increase in thermal power generation has come from new independent power producers (IPPs), some of which have been funded by foreign investors; fifteen IPPs currently operate in Pakistan.
Due to increasing demand, and a shortage of energy, Pakistan is exploring other options such as importing liquefied natural gas. To increase the country's use of renewable energy, the Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB) was formed in 2003. AEDB's main aim is to eventually increase the share of renewable energy in the country's energy composition to ten per cent.
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